28 contains the backbone of China s printing industry achievements

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October 26, 2008, the annual American PIA Print Awards in the United States opened C & C Joint Printing Co. (HK) Co., Ltd. has become one of the focus of the evening, in addition to once again get beyond seven Benny Award Gold Award, also received 10 Excellence Awards and 13 Merit Award for the total number of ranked third. Benny Award known as the printing industry of Oscar gold, the Chinese business competition since 1997, 39 consecutive years won awards, received the award at the Asia-Pacific region up to the Chinese printing enterprises. Ceremony, the world s largest printing companies in Quebec business printing company to express my heartfelt congratulations to the Chinese that China is the world s best commercial printing companies.

Twenty-eight years through wind and rain

C & C Joint Printing Co. (HK) Co., Ltd. was established in 1980 China s reform and opening up, two hundred years by the Zhonghua brand of business and the Commercial Press Hong Kong Hong Kong printing printing coalition, is the Hong Kong Stock Publishing Group, a wholly owned directly under the institutions. Three decades of reform and development of China has undergone enormous change, and fast-growing Chinese wind business to grow, has evolved into one in Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing to establish a printing and processing bases, more than a dozen wholly owned and joint ventures, nearly 5,000 employees at home and abroad have an influence and visibility of large printing companies. Chinese business history and a strong community to promote its ability to constantly innovate for 28 years to the company from a traditional book and commercial printing, continue to extend, expand to the packaging and printing, security printing, smart cards printing, Smart Label (RFID) package, and digital printing and security printing and other areas can meet the needs of various customers, products exported to the United States, Britain, Japan, France, Russia, Australia and other countries.

Always walk in the cutting edge of technology

Bring Chinese business, the company would have to mention the pursuit of cutting-edge technology, once the Chinese business has been in the industry as the cradle of printing technology training, from 1982 to 2003, to Hong Kong from a total of 22 trainees, including 74 provinces and units, the total number of 436. Period, the Mainland Chinese students were sent to business color printing, the plant s safety department, the Department of Computer and Management Department and other local departments training, each participant completed a year of training, they were presented with certificates. Most trainers back to the mainland to Hong Kong after the technology-based units are the backbone of growth, and some also become the backbone of management, at all levels of leadership. Establish a good industry reputation.

In technology, there are more than the first Chinese business: such as the introduction of the first all-digital workflow and computer to plate technology; successfully in high-speed commercial web presses and screen printing on non-high screen printing; s early implementation of network transmission and remote proofing process, to promote digital asset management technology, extensive use of security variable data printing technology and printing technology; the first printing companies across Hong Kong and Shenzhen to obtain IMS Integrated Management System Certification (including: international quality management system ISO9001, ISO14001 environmental management system , occupational safety and health management system, OHSAS18001); 2008 became the national standardized test for commercial web offset printing and promotion of base … …

Courage early adopters, daring the first person to eat crab, the courage to delve into technical, business, general manager of successive Chinese possess excellent quality, which makes 28 years China has become the technology leader in business, technology synonymous with wind vane, which uses the company across Hong Kong and the Mainland facilities, the most advanced technologies and concepts introduced in the Mainland, as in the mainland as the printing industry s rapid development of the bridge and pathfinder. Priority in the company s technology ideas, not only won many domestic and international print awards, the company published the Hong Kong SAR passport and Macau Special Administrative Region passport has more than 100 countries world wide to get praise and recognition. There are also printing a lot of social influence of print, such as: "flowers blooming Celebration" (return of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong SAR Government presented to the heads of state attended the handover ceremony of the gift), "Sino-US relations 30 years" " Jiang Chuan, "" Treasures of the National Palace Museum School of Tibetan Works "and so on.
   
Socially responsible companies in the completion of the scale, technology development, well adhering to the Chinese Business Publishing Group, a joint tradition of social responsibility, focusing on environmental protection, the establishment of a learning enterprise, funded Hope Primary School, donor poverty stricken areas … … in the industry, establishing a good corporate image.

Over the years countries have been advocating energy conservation and building sustainability developed countries, the Chinese business to respond positively in 2007 with the Hong Kong Productivity Council to carry out clean production test support items, a printing company a pioneer in the implementation of cleaner production, but also became the first by FSC / COC chain of custody forestry certification system printing companies. In order to meet the requirements of sustainable development, the Chinese business uses a lot of new energy-saving, environmentally friendly raw materials, through the transformation of equipment, promote the protection of forest resources, reduce pollution, improve product quality. Chinese business center in the three rotation, we can see a thick pipe exhaust emissions from equipment used for water recycling recycling, the Chinese business community deeply felt sense of responsibility to the environment.

In addition, the Chinese business people-oriented, emphasis on training, learning the printing business to become. C & C to promote full learning and lifelong learning. March 18, 2006, construction area of ??4,000 square meters of the training center was officially opened. China Business with Beijing Institute of Printing, Qufu Normal University, Xi an Polytechnic University, professional institutions and other large print signed a cooperation agreement to provide training, internship sites, personnel training to help state and society.

C & C believes that social enterprises as an integral part of the obligation and the need to do all we can to fulfill their social responsibility to promote the harmonious development of society. Based on this belief, the Chinese commercial afforestation annual contributions, and actively participate in a variety of disaster relief donations.

Since 2001, Libo County in Guizhou Province, invested $ 200,000 in commercial water-rock founder of Hope Primary School; after continued funding, the donor computer to support the establishment of libraries, academic buildings and other repairs; 2008 5.12 Wenchuan aid again Earthquake 1.2 million.

Through the clutter and create the future vision

28 years, China s business as an ice-breaking ship ocean, carrying hundreds of years older in the Commercial Press, Zhonghua Book Company, and the dream of business, overcoming all obstacles and forge ahead, out of a road to success can not be copied, in asking and the Chinese secret of success in business where every manager will be agreed that the "good faith" word, is evident from the awards over the years, "National Excellent Enterprise with Foreign Investment", "National Integrity printing companies"; " National Integrity Unit Hall of Fame "the integrity of selected enterprises;" China Industry Leading Enterprise "in 2007, was named the Chinese business culture of the country s key export enterprises in Guangdong Province, the first cultural industry demonstration base.

May 18, 2008, the Third Shenzhen ICIF is the Director of Press and Publication Liu Binjie line, once again come to the Chinese business site visits. Director Mr. Liu when interviewed by the media of Chinese business management style and philosophy of environmental protection to be fully affirmed, and to encourage the development of Chinese business, Press and Publication Administration will fully support the vision of the Chinese business: the business into China China s top, the best in Asia, spread world-class printing enterprise.

Prior to the company in Shenzhen, Guangdong, following the display of "a hundred years in show business printing", the November 13, 2008, Shanghai s China Business "exhibition print origins," the opening, honorary chairman of China Printing Technology Association Mr. Wu Wenxiang exhibition at the origins of Opening speech: two behind the exhibition is reflected in a common historical fact, this is the joint United Business Publishing Group and China (Hong Kong) Limited s leadership with the times, change and innovation, vision, lost no time in making the right decision-making, and after a few chairman, general manager and core team sustained a continuous and effective manner. Yan Xiaohong, Deputy Director of Press and Publication Administration to visit the exhibition and gave a high evaluation.

    I believe the future, the Chinese business adhere to the "unity and cooperation, continuous improvement, the pursuit of excellence" spirit of enterprise, implementation of the "business diversification, market internationalization, modernization of equipment, scientific management" business strategy, implementation of the "customer-oriented, high quality and efficient excellence, "the quality, create first-class printing enterprises, human civilization spread to every corner of the world.

Decoration Guide: Kitchens election is very important for facilities

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Although the cabinet is behind the renovation process, but need to set aside in the design of pipelines and circuits. So you now have started to move, select the cabinets, basins, electrical and other ancillary products, must not look outside, some products are designed to allow you to labor in the very peace of mind, but if you choose not to equipment, kitchen it is easy to give you trouble.

    Method 1 does not leave stains resist corrosion

    Cabinets, countertops and flooring are the largest overall share of the kitchen part of the time in the choice of material for easy cleaning is very important.

    Cabinet: The cabinet materials commonly used wood, metal, paint, resin plate, polymers and so on. One fully enclosed paint box with no edge design, moisture-proof performance.

    Table: the common man-made stone countertops, quartz stone, marble. Artificial stone of the biggest advantages is that it is one seamless bonding polished installation, easy to scratch, is not easy to penetrate, color variety, is the material of choice for countertops. Table should be designed to reduce the complexity of modeling.

    Ground: non-slip tile or stone is the best dark kitchen flooring. Resistant to staining, acid-base, but also resist the butter, oil, tea, coffee and various foods corrosive and difficult to leave stains.

    Method 2 is easy to clean without leaving any dead

    Health corner, kitchen corner suggests that it is difficult to clean. In the kitchen renovation, the details of these clever simple design, easy to remove health corner.

    Pipeline: the pipeline is very large kitchen, installed in the cabinet to try to avoid to maintain the integrity of the cabinet. This reduces the health corner, so space is at a glance.

    Design: finger design is very practical design. This design is in the cabinet, hanging and other right-angle corner to add a curved design, the right angle into the arc, this is beautiful, but also in large part to facilitate the cleaning work. The inside of the drawer into the curved corner design, easy to clean.

    Basin: the basin is the high frequency of use of kitchen utensils, pots designed to make use of the audience than the edge of the basin tops, to prevent overflow of water to help clean the table, while addressing the side seam is difficult to clean up the problem.

 Method 3 with the overall design of the electric kitchen

    The overall design of the kitchen, in addition to commonly used refrigerators, ovens, dishwashers and other basic appliances, but also acquire some of the art kitchen small appliances, cleaning the kitchen can be more effective.

    Garbage Processor: already very popular in foreign countries, can be installed under the sink, connected to the drain. Press the button, just a few seconds, the processor can be easily crushed into small food waste into the sewage system of particles and to prevent odors.

    U-shaped guide-style hood: Install around the table, forming a completely enclosed space, effectively avoid the annoying problem of oil.

    Tips

    Advance the overall kitchen design

    The kitchen is the biggest test of the degree of local residents hard, once you neglect cleaning, oil, water stains, dust will be a collective protest to you. The cabinet, electrical integration design you can largely freed from the cleaning work. Just in the past, cabinets, appliances, based on the rational design of piping and wiring to complete.

 The easiest way is to communicate with the whole cabinet designer, as Boloni, Haier brand home kitchen cabinets are designed to provide comprehensive services, so this is not complicated.

    Do not buy after the completion of its renovation cabinets and appliances, that would not only combine the less reasonable, you may inadvertently increase the renovation budget.

 

Central air conditioning cleaning: a game between money and health

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- Long-term domestic central air conditioning cleaning industry hysteresis phenomenon worth pondering

    "Wash ah, all the air, filter or something, we have regular cleaning staff cleaning." "Ventilation ducts? Do not know, you ask someone there."

    I recently walked into a random office in Tianjin, a leading property sector, trying to inquire into the situation where the central air conditioning cleaning, a staff member surnamed Zhang replied with such vigilance.

    Although as early as 2003, the State General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the former Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Health and other departments issued a series one after another on the central air-conditioning ventilation system cleaning and health management-related standards, and to make clear that, however, when to Five years later, still in the domestic cleaning staggering forward. The central air conditioning diligently to provide services for people, but do not mind their own dirty silk appearance, which is also placed in front of the local health department chronic problem — they want to take a bath thoroughly , the difficulty is still small.

    Cliches: Who are willing to "pot of gold"

    "One square meter was thirty-four ten, you count how much money this floor. How to get this money?" I repeated confirmation in the next, although Zhang did not face my questions, but his difficulties will illustrate the problem.

    Statistics show that millions of units in our central air conditioning is being used, more than 90% has not been cleaning systems science, which to varying degrees, there are various bacteria and dust pollution. Some of them are veteran central air conditioning has run continuously for 20 years, but never really "washed a bath." "Everyone knows that health important, let them under the original capital child wash the air, is not easy." Zhang is not the initial binding, "the crisis is now downtown is not correct it? It s surrender of the building has. Rental rates a problem, you who have Xianxin on this matter? "

    Zhang may be right. According to the market some time ago given the price of 35 yuan per square meter basis, to complete a ten thousand square meters office space in central air conditioning cleaning, at least several hundred thousand dollars. Whether the property owner or the company, the money no doubt have been regarded as "heavily" is bound to go through some food for thought. Moreover, now very few companies and property owners in the contract the central air conditioning cleaning the attribution of responsibility, "heavily" so often the source of nothing.

    This is a common, property companies and property owners no obligation to bear the high cost of cleaning, but a long time to work hard to promote this important cause. Vice president of Shanghai Institute of Refrigeration gave away Long Weiding: "In many developed countries, if the central air duct is not cleared, the property will be prosecuted, but the country is, there is no such constraint, for such hidden engineering, business units of consciousness alone is not enough. "

    Hesitates: Who will protect the quality of cleaning

    People "too lazy" to take a bath central air conditioning, the fear not only from money problems, but also cleaning business level. "A lot of cleaning companies do not go through formal training, especially small and medium cities, the situation more." Spent a considerable price, but would not achieve satisfactory results, it is not unfounded. An industry source has publicly questioned: "I know a few cities with a population of millions, not even after a professional cleaning company, cleaning systems training, irregulars how to take up the task?"

    I understand that many domestic cities, central air conditioning variation in levels of cleaning teams have been beyond the general state of the imagination. This expert s attitude is, "the central air conditioning cleaning need to have some technical content as a guarantee," cleaning the management level, experience, and should have a high degree of specialization required, the wrong cleaning methods not only fail to advance the development of effect, but also easily create new sources of pollution, and even ventilation ducts and other facilities would be difficult to envision the damage caused.

    Not just general city, even in Beijing, Shanghai, these mechanisms is relatively sound mega-cities, the situation is not optimistic. It is understood that, at present, Beijing has more than 200 central air conditioning professional cleaning company, adopted the Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention certification, but there are still many non-certified cleaning team in the fish in troubled waters, and the regular army struggled, more worthy of this phenomenon food for thought.

 Take the lead: the first to carry the Beijing-Shanghai "clean banner"

    Just days ago, Yangzhou media, the city health department of health of the local central air conditioning was carried out sampling, sampling, including the amount of dust, respirable particulate matter, total bacteria, total fungi, pathogenic microorganisms and a dozen projects . The results showed that all projects are eligible to use the number of units to zero. This used to have "wealthy" reputation of the city like this, people have filled with anxiety.

    But people are pleased that, Shanghai and Beijing, and several other large cities, or has set an example.

    Last April, the first domestic cleaning central air-conditioning industry association – Shanghai Air Duct Cleaning Association was officially established, marking the Shanghai air duct cleaning services first entered the industry self-management phase. Prior to this, all the cities of Shanghai and China, central air conditioning cleaning rate of less than 10%. I understand that this big market has now gradually reveal the infinite potential. Not only local businesses, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang and even professional cleaning company around after another, to gain an advantage.

    To correspond with that Beijing also set an example followed. Four months later, Beijing issued a "public places, central air-conditioning ventilation system health management practices", and since the beginning of this year, many companies have central air conditioning cleaning business ever hot up, some of the cleaning company s business volume and even the former can be achieved a few times.

    Beijing health authorities, who declined to be named, told authorities long ago, the city s current central air cleaning rate has exceeded 50%, and a further rise. Next, Beijing related departments will take action to further intensify law enforcement inspections, and through the media, so that more use of central air conditioning unit into the "healthy family."

    Although the media last year, vowed that Beijing will be completed in the middle of this year all central air conditioning cleaning are still gaps, but the authority of the author s position is still confident: "Compared to other cities, Beijing has come to the forefront. No city This can be like Beijing resolutely . "

    However, it was dished out another opinion. Beijing Ocean Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Market Giant Wong Kan told the author, although Beijing has done a considerable amount of cleaning central air conditioning, but this contains a large number of "Olympics-related or foreign" project, the authoritative statement of the gold content to be confirmed. He admitted, compared to the current Beijing ten thousand office buildings and business personal use of central air conditioning units, complete cleaning of the true proportion is only about 10%, this figure is difficult to make people proud. Wong Kan said that although the current specification of certain rights given to the health sector, but only for their current place of business in the health sectors in issuing licenses to be reviewed and monitored supervision; for non-business premises cleaning, monitoring and control measures is still small.

    "This is a blind spot, including us, including other central air conditioning cleaning companies are waiting for the formal introduction of relevant laws and regulations." Wong Kan said, "now means only a temporary solution."

    Do not lose the anti-earned: need to practice the theory test

    Cleaning as well as "do not lose against making" a unique effect? It is also quite controversial in the industry.

    Some media reported that a group of foreign-funded enterprises of a capacity of 500,000 kcal of central air conditioning units, after the effective cleaning, the annual energy saving of about 12 million degrees, the annual electricity savings of about 10 million (calculated by industrial use) . In contrast, regular cleaning central air conditioning, the cost of cleaning than the first time save a lot of links and the overall cost, time or even just a few thousand dollars.

    Similar calls for, these messages have been gradually formed a unified caliber: Central air conditioning cleaning is definitely a "Hua Xiaoqian Province lot of money," the good deal.

    "It s not down," Wong Kan once again gives a different answer. Considerable experience as a practice of the industry, he told the author, although in theory run the central air-conditioning energy conservation and clean power can bring some influence, but he collected from the customer feedback, this argument is still to be verified.

    "But be sure to clean the air after the air quality improvement benefit. People should understand that a healthy body important than a lot of money." Wong Kan also believes that "cleaned central air conditioning can also be effective reduce the possibility of failure to protect the safe operation of equipment, in a sense, this is the way to save money. "

    This view also received a small number of recognized experts and cleaning companies. Seen in this light, central air conditioning cleaning "does not lose the anti-earned," the cry is flicker or Reality? Theory and practice may also take longer to run.

 

converted into a monster car audio super

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Monsters should hear more, car audio can be heard monster? As the name suggests this is a relatively large sound system, following is my modified Nissan Sunny car audio system of the other fanatical type of sound masterpiece, especially promotion to the general car audio enthusiasts. He said the Sound \"monster\"? Here\\ s the answer: The system total power of more than 3000W, six power amplifier, 10 \"subwoofer 8, 6.5\" woofer 4 pair, 5 \", 4\" component speaker set for each, a total of 24 speakers, 100AH ??battery 3 a, 1 crossover sets, CD players, a 15 farad capacitor an … … on all of these devices installed in a Cherokee jeep, incredible, right? Sound pressure level of the system to maximize the goal of filling the wild, assertive personality, so strong is the power output capability of the amplifier and speakers I chose the primary factor, the United States to blessing is a good choice.

Powerful electronic crossover

CD player is a blessing to the higher grade RFX-8340 single-disc machine, which is located 3 Group 4 volt RCA output, but thanks to EPX2 electronic crossover, so it is only the first sound field (FRONT) output. The entire system with up to 6 amplifiers, signal distribution, crossover setting is a big problem. Fortunately, to the blessing of \"small supernatural\" computer crossover EPX2 set crossover, equalizer in one, there are two different signal input options, up to seven groups of signal output, crossover can be adjusted, and built with pink noise, 28 E28 balanced card, much easier to deal with them. EPX2 can store 16 groups of good frequency tuning curve, and three groups of different pre-set volume of the best results when the frequency curve, according to the size of the volume frequency curve in the three groups automatically switch to get the best replay the effect.

The amplifier is used to blessing the highest grade bd series and POWER series, speaker series is to match with FNX and the form of a 4-frequency, in order to enormous pressure in the case of voice to maintain sufficient clarity. Before the sound field using a 4 \"FNX-2414 set as the replay 275Hz-20KHz alt task. In line with the back of eight of the total power of 4000W subwoofer, ensure a good front sound field, the first sound field used four pairs of 6.5 \"and FNX-2406 unit, responsible for the replay 80Hz-275Hz low-frequency, after the frequency of the sound field in the design of the next two points with a 5.25\" and FNX-2514 speaker package to ensure that the brightness of the sound and can get a larger power capacity in the power amplifier with on, with the two series of four-channel POWER 400.4, a replay is responsible for the high-frequency, used to promote before and after the sound field of 4 \"and 5\" component speaker; another is responsible for the low audio playback, push the front sound field for the four pairs of 6.5 \"woofer. Connection to push two per channel in parallel FNP2406. POWER400.4 Europe in the case of load 2 can output 100W * 4 power to meet the rated power of 70W of FNX2406 more than enough.

Low-frequency reproduction

Woofer with a 500W RMS power with 8 dual 2Ω voice coils RFD2110, replay 20Hz-80Hz is responsible for the ultra-low frequency. 8 woofer is divided into four groups, each 2 by 1 500bd single amplifier to push, sharing a four 500bd, 500bd in the case of 2 ohm load 600W RMS power output, so you can make the amplifier and speakers to achieve the best power, impedance matching, so that they work in an ideal state. Since the total power system too, in no way replace the generator in the case, in the original installation of the power system based on three 100AH ??battery and a 15 farad capacitor.

Built a large change, construction noise

From the start the moment, open sound, it took a month audition time (due to the speakers, all the car door handle paint, the surface finish is very high, time-consuming). For filling the wild character, individuality, inside the color to yellow, black, and from the instrument panel to the leather seats, speakers, door fully and completely implement this style, dazzling bright yellow with contrasting black with the maximum to attract people\\ s attention.

Noise damping measures is an important part of installing one, in order to minimize the vibration and reduce sound power of losses and the resulting harmonic adverse impact on the quality, the need for the door and around the thin, easy to vibration the site for noise processing. Because each of the front doors to be installed four 6.5 \"woofer FNX-2406 in order to ensure the doors have sufficient strength, especially the original door trim abandoned in favor of 12mm MDF to be modified. FNX2414 front sound field Set speaker mounted on both sides of the foot position to enable the tweeter as farther away from the ears, in order to get a deep, wide sound field, while the shift lever next to the word order of the four bass control knob for the bass the regulation provides maximum flexibility.

As the equipment too narrow to be in the trunk good and show them all placed people to see, it is really difficult. 8 10 \"subwoofer in two rows side by side, towards the front (this arrangement for the pursuit of maximum efficiency in terms of sound pressure level). Subwoofer draws to shape the image of blessing\" mechanical wolf \"design approach, through two only \"navy blue Langyan\" bass box woofer can see the \"ass.\" subwoofer to make the \"face\" exposed to, we put the original car\\ s back seat removed, fitted with a simple stainless steel back .

As the horizontal space, power amplifier can only be used to install the ladder-shaped design of the development of upward way, each amplifier base is a 12mm thick glass, at night, navy blue spotlights projected through the glass the light is moving.

Audition date

Fighting a month, and finally assembled. After all the speakers for the phase correction unit, high, medium, low balance adjustment, then boil for 30 minutes. Eagle band \"Hotel California\" was a prelude to full flexibility, deep drums sounded powerful, crisp performance, there is no clear-cut.

Replay \"A Jiegu\" bass, faint low-frequency slowly flooding back from a distance, filled every crevice inside, plenty of power that make sense until you realize the feeling of the earth was moving, the mind is completely shocked. The \"Para2 Rave\" dance, as if closely linked to the powerful bass pulse, the heart is beating with the rhythm of it. I then increase the volume increase, the hair will soon put up. Useless sound pressure level measurement, but the experience and feel point of view, sound pressure level should reach 150db. Or the coat off it, too hot.

Put \"Folk Song Tsai,\" the first song, \"Forgotten Time\" and the eighth song \"Ferry\", high definition sound, structured, just feeling a little tight, there is no kind of relaxed Tsai, his right The tone and look. However, the pursuit of a sound pressure of the system is already very good.

The sound field effect is concerned, even if behind the 8 subwoofer, the driving position to hear the music or from the front, there is a strong presence, and broad sense of good feeling of depth. Only because of much higher jeep seat design, feeling a little low rising tone a little field.

This is a super-car audio enthusiast for the health of the Super Car audio System.

understanding of ductile iron casting technology of piston rings

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From the piston ring seal in the engine, such as heat transfer and supporting role, thus requiring a good piston ring wear

resistance, elasticity and thermal stability, especially for a ring demanding. Nodular cast iron piston ring piston ring

development and application is made in the history of a qualitative leap. How stable is the piston ring manufacturing ductile

iron piston ring problems facing the industry. To solve this problem, the factory introduced from Germany GOETZEA two-piece cast

ductile iron piston rings monomer all the technology and related equipment.
Single two-piece cast design guidelines is to use the cutter to the center of the slab shrinkage and prone to pinhole defects of

the upper and lower surface of the slag milling for superior ductile iron piston rings. This casting method has been widely used

abroad, and has a wealth of production experience, many domestic manufacturers are also accepted and began a trial, but not very

successful. The main reason is the problem of raw materials and nodular cast iron piston rings production process is too complex

to ensure that the matrix organization ductile iron piston rings, castings can not guarantee that the pass rate. Although the

factory has introduced a full cast of hardware and software, but in the supply of raw materials, production process, there are

still many problems, often the initial phase of trial was not high ball, ball, etc. mainly the number of pass rate. Through trial

and exploration, basically mastered the technology for the production plant, a more comprehensive solution to the ductile iron

piston ring casting of technical problems, ensuring the passing rate of nodular cast iron piston ring casting. The following

brief description of how plant trial ductile iron piston rings.
A feasibility analysis process
German experts have repeatedly stressed that \"the production of nodular cast iron piston rings key raw material,\" no qualified

raw material is very difficult to produce good ductile iron piston rings. They emphasized the synthesis of high purity pig iron

or pig iron, its composition is: 3 8% ~ 4 3% C, 0 2% ~ 0 4% SI, 0 04% ~ 0 15% Mn, P <0 045%, S <0 01%, other elements may not

exceed 003% (1). The domestic pig iron without this new resource, the domestic supply of pig iron may be composed of: 3 8% ~ 4 3%

C, 0 8% ~ 1 3% Si, 0 2% ~ 0 5% Mn, P <0 07% , S <0 03%. This treatment of pig iron ball impact key elements Mn, P, S high, to the

production of nodular cast iron piston rings great disadvantage. Currently trying to find the source to meet the requirements of

raw materials or synthetic iron ore is very difficult, the introduction of raw materials is not realistic. Therefore, the choice

of raw materials as far as possible meet the foreign requirements, testing use of cast iron components: 4 0% ~ 4 2% C, 0 80% ~ 0

9% Si, 0 20% ~ 0 4% Mn, 0 04% ~ 0 06% P, S <0 026%. This pig iron pig iron compared with foreign requirements have the following

characteristics: ① high silicon content 04% ~ 06%. The use of intermediate frequency smelting furnace, although the recovery

will limit the charge back and use, but will not pose a big threat. ② high manganese content 0 14% ~ 02%. Higher manganese

content will affect the cast structure of the control, the subsequent annealing of ferrite slab processing to resolve the

difficulties. But too much will affect the emergence of cementite spheroidization heat treatment before and after the passing

rate and the size of the control. ③ phosphorus fair. Even after using the new higher phosphorus content of pig iron (<007%), not

enough to affect the microstructure and mechanical properties. Such as the phosphorus content is too high will lead to casting

phosphorus content> 01%, will produce phosphorus in the grain boundary eutectic, the strength, toughness, ductility decreased. ④

high sulfur content of 0016% or more. Higher sulfur content will be directly consumed dosage ball, especially during the

solidification of dissolved sulfur graphite spheres of influence, the ball will directly affect the treatment effect, reduce the

mechanical properties, increase casting defects (slag, the skin pores, etc.).
The use of carbon and sulfur analyzer for the grasp of the original sulfur content of liquid iron, the ball of the correct amount

of added agents to create the conditions, while the use of M inoculant for ductile iron piston ring production has played a

supporting role. After the above process analysis, the use of domestic raw materials is the ability to meet foreign requirements

to produce ductile iron piston rings.
2 test and analysis process
With 40% to 100% of the composition of pig iron, 60% of the charge back in the 150kg intermediate frequency smelting furnace.

Strengthen the operational process, to ensure that the ball of the temperature of 1500 ~ 1550 ℃, from the pouring of molten iron

released to the time control is completed within 10min, to ensure the ball effect.
2.1 ball treatment
Use custom ball agent, composition as follows: 38% ~ 48% Si, 5 0% ~ 6 5% Mg, RE ≤ 1 0%, Al ≤ 1 0%. Size: 5 ~ 40mm. The ball

with such agent commonly used in China rare earth or rare earth ferrosilicon ferrosilicon magnesium alloy magnesium alloy ball

agent calcium compared to the amount of magnesium is lower than its former, was higher than the latter. Reaction of the ball more

peaceful, and in effect to ensure that the premise of globalization can better control the amount of added ball agent, agent to

ensure the absorption rate of the ball, and better control the temperature of molten iron drop. In addition, the use of the ball

very low REE content of the agent, so that the ball of molten iron in the treated residual amount of rare earth not too high,

reduce the formation of cementite; and left in the trace rare earth elements in liquid iron can inhibit the ball the role of

interfering elements, but also can improve the nucleation rate during birth.
After a series of experiments found that the piston rings of different V / O ratio (the ratio of cross-section area and

perimeter) by adding the required amount of balls of different agents; different original sulfur content of molten iron ball

agent required amount of added also different. Ball of burning agent is the amount of added volume to the amount of magnesium and

residual sulfur consumption of the sum of the amount of magnesium.
Since the original temperature of molten iron released, ball handling, length of stay will affect the amount of magnesium loss,

agent in order to properly control the amount of added ball, the larger the change in the production factors to control the ball

temperature should be controlled In 1500 ~ 1550 ℃ (the best in 1530 ~ 1550 ℃), ball pits underwrite agent added into the method

used, the ball treatment after the casting time of less than 8min (within the optimal control in 6min). In the operating cycle

and the process is essentially the same circumstances, that basically the same amount of magnesium burning.
Since the original high sulfur content of molten iron, it is impossible to achieve <0018% request, the ball of the agent to

consider the amount of added sulfur consumption to the amount of magnesium. Carbon and sulfur analyzer fast determination of the

timely provision of the original sulfur content of liquid iron, liquid iron test the sulfur content of the Central Plains in 002%

~ 003%, the amount of magnesium to sulfur consumption fluctuated 0 0076%, which process is acceptable.
Ball directly affect the amount of agent the amount of residual magnesium. If the ball over the amount of agent added, can cause

excessive residual magnesium, although not affect the passing rate of ball (ball diameter size is still normal), but it will

increase the contraction, causing brittleness. At the same time as the original high manganese content of molten iron, the ball

of the agent by adding excessive, prone to carbide, a serious chilling tendency, leading to a decline in passing rate of the

number of balls; agent dosage if the ball is too small, it will lead to residual magnesium levels are low, the passing rate of

ball impact, the ball will reduce the number of pass rate. Table 1 is the case in the normal test results, and explain as

follows: ① ball agent dosage 14%, the amount of residual magnesium deficiencies, there vermicular graphite; ② adding the amount

of 18%, the amount of residual magnesium had more, there carbide, leading to decline in the number of balls, but the two still

meet the requirements of the ball diameter size; ③ passing rate of non-spherical ball of the rate.

iron and steel industry in the centrifugal pump and energy saving solutions

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Pump is energy-hungry steel industry, a variety of pumps in the various processes in the steel industry has been widely used in the water cycle, hydraulic, cooling, washing, water, and many other processes can see the various models and specifications of the pump. Which is the most widely used centrifugal pumps, which can be due to the structure There are many different structural forms, such as single-stage single-suction centrifugal pump, single-stage double-suction centrifugal pumps, multistage pumps, vertical long axis of the pump, submersible pumps, etc. However, their core components – all centrifugal impeller, this paper focuses on what the energy saving pump.

        Centrifugal analysis and energy saving measures:

        1 to improve the efficiency of centrifugal pumps

        The first step in the selection of multi-vendor comparison of selection options, taking into account the premise of cost-efficient as possible use the program; second step, the presence of certain professionals Mill producer, the key to pump efficiency for zero impact components such as impellers, pump, pump cover, diffuser (vertical long axis of the pump) and the manufacturing quality of the producer, in particular wing of the impeller, the water angle, blade indexing, flow channel shape, finish and other quality control, so that the product is delivered in the current production conditions of high efficiency products; third step in the production of on-site installation and commissioning process, to ensure that the pump solid foundation, and the driver of the good, before and after the valve flexible switch, piping layout design is reasonable, feasible and safe-site control, the operation is complete and accurate monitoring instruments to ensure the pump is capable of running real-time monitoring; fourth step is to pump the long run to pay attention to the point inspection of the equipment found exceptions to report immediately reflected in the normal small repair, overhaul cycle, should check and replace all wearing parts to ensure efficient and safe long-term pump operation.

        2 to optimize the existing pump

        By adjusting the impeller diameter and pump speed, pump flow rate will be on the head and shaft power impact, but no effect on the efficiency curve, so that the pump can work in high areas. Adjust the flow head is above a certain limit, if conditions change too much, the original may have to consider the modification of the pump.

NSK bearing washer resolution

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Today, we add points to the resolution of NSK bearing washers. We want to use in the process they are helping.
1.shaft washer
NSK bearings installed on the shaft washer.
2.housing washer
Installed within the NSK bearing washer here.
3.central washer
Both sides of NSK bearings raceway washer for double row thrust roller bearing between the two.
4. Aligning housing washer
A ball on the back of the seat to accommodate the axis line and the line between the permanent seat axis angular displacement.
5. Aligning seat washer
For aligning seat ring and the shell to withstand the thrust washer between the surface, the surface is concave spherical surface and

aligning the back seat of the match ball.

IKO imported bearings points to note

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IKO Bearings are precision parts, when in use requires quite a cautious attitude, that change is the use of high-performance bearings, if used improperly, they can not achieve the expected performance results, and easy to make the bearing damage. Most of IKO bearings pumping bad for many reasons – beyond the original estimate of the load, non-effective sealing, tight co-ordination caused by too small bearing clearance and so on. Any of these factors has its unique factors and the type of damage will leave special signs of damage.
Therefore, viewing the damaged bearings, can be found in most cases because of its possible lead, generally speaking, a third of the bearing damage arise from fatigue damage, while one-third arise from poor lubrication, other one-third arise from contaminants entering the bearing improper handling or installation. So, we talk about is how to protect it and prolong its life
   
First, IKO bearings to keep the environment clean and the surrounding

Second, when used carefully and accurate installation installation

Third, the use of appropriate, accurate installation tool

Fourth, to prevent corrosion of the bearing, do not use bubble

Casting and Mold Casting Retrospect and Prospect (II)

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Two solid casting Historical Review

Solid casting, casting, or gasification, said that the EPC, HF Shroyer 1956 by the American experiment was first successfully

applied to metal sculptures and other art castings. RWTH Aachen University, Germany Professor A. Witmoser partnership with

Hardman began in 1962 in industrial applications. Early casting is mainly used in solid one-piece casting of large-scale

production, the 1960s and 1970s, people with the magnetic field, \"curing\" magnetic iron pills casting method development, \"since

the 1980s, basically established the vacuum negative pressure, dry sand molding is characterized by the third generation of solid

casting.

The development process of China Mold Casting

China from the mid-1960s, by the Machinery Research Institute and Shanghai Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology began

the study of real-type casting and production test. In the early days is the application of foam board shapes, look for processed

into solid casting production. \"Casting\" 1972 No. 5 on Shanghai Heavy Machinery Plant design circular sheet cutter, cutter blade,

to achieve low-speed processing of foam. \"Casting\" a 1973 report of the Chengdu Air Compressor Plant, Qiqihar No.2 Machine Tool

Plant using real casting production car air compressor, 409 plastic mold and core box car engine. \"Casting\" published in 1975,

the Shanghai No. 2 School of Mechanical Engineering \"magnetic-type casting anchor test\" article: The experiment with 1-1.5mm of

iron pills for the original sand, the magnetic field power supply half-wave rectifier using SCR; look through steamer foam

molding, resin binder with CMC modified 2127, oil and acid curing agent for the paint, producing Φ46mm the anchor ring. In

addition, Shanghai Mechanical Engineering also carried out using ultra-thin magnetic coating shell mold casting process to

produce large-scale experimental tungsten steel drill bit. Into the 1990s, China launched a real-type casting research and

application of the boom, the appearance of real materials, casting, molding, coating technology, tooling and equipment for all

aspects of a lot of research, made some achievements. Real methods in our casting process to obtain a wider range of

applications.

 Appearance and molding materials

Solid casting process, the liquid alloy under heat, soften the appearance of material occurs, melting, vaporization, pyrolysis,

combustion, forming a series of liquid, solid and gas phase thermal decomposition products, while the composition of pyrolysis

products and in the cavity in the gas evolution and pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis products on the quality of castings have a

major impact, looks like the real casting material is a key factor. Should have the appearance of material: density, thermal

decomposition products less smoke and emission reduction; a certain strength, resistance to external forces, to ensure the

accuracy of the casting; low thermal conductivity, reducing the rapid decomposition caused by mold collapse. Appearance of

material in China mainly uses EPS material. EPS materials are cheap, foam molding control is easy, but when produced in the

pyrolysis of residual carbon, to carbon defects in iron castings bring, but also make low-carbon steel castings produced by the

phenomenon. Recently developed a copolymer of PMMA and EPMMA-EPS, PMMA, high strength, its structure is less than 3 carbon atoms,

EPS, and does not contain benzene ring structure, can substantially reduce carbon defects. Pyrolysis products by gas-based, high

softening temperature than EPS, but the PMMA at high temperatures, the gas evolution and gas evolution rate than EPS, high-impact

alloy liquid filling capabilities. EPMMA-EPS and EPS PMMA copolymer combines the performance of the two, with less smoke when

pouring, high compressive strength, can be solved effectively casting a \"carburizing\" phenomenon, etc., is expected to replace

the lost foam casting production of EPS look like.

 Paint

Paint is a real casting another key technology. The introduction of solid casting coatings, improve the appearance of stiffness,

strength, appearance and mold separation, to prevent sticking and mold sand collapse. Coating should have a sufficiently high

strength; coating should have good ventilation, so the casting process look like in the high temperature decomposition products

in a timely manner through the coating discharge; coating should have a good process performance. Junfeng and other coatings were

studied strength and permeability are greatest impact on the strength of the organic binder in the binder, while the greatest

impact on the permeability of the refractory particle size and the added amount of binder should be based on casting material and

its structural characteristics, considering the strength and permeability. \"Casting\" in 2000 12 articles published Liulan Jun, an

analysis of the coating and research: paint should be composed of a variety of organic and inorganic binder, temperature strength

by the organic and inorganic binder to jointly build, high-temperature strength is mainly rely on inorganic binder; out using

high temperature combustion of organic binder, coating to improve the permeability; refractory filler and its particle size

distribution affect the coating permeability and density of the important factors, rational and fire-resistant filler particle

size distribution can guarantee a certain density of the coating under the premise of higher permeability. In the heat under the

effect of refractory coatings and adhesives varying degrees of change, permeability of the coating to a certain extent.

Permeability of the coating requirements for the casting of high temperature, thermal decomposition products can be discharged.

Should measure the temperature of the coating permeability.

Negative shape

Real dry sand casting is usually negative vibration shape. It requires not only the appearance of sand formed around fast enough

to reach the compaction and compaction process in the appearance of deformation should be small to ensure a clear outline of

casting to form, size, precision castings. Dry sand filling in the vibration state of compaction process is an extremely complex

process of granular dynamics. Guotai Ming and other studies of dry sand mold the shape of the intensity of negative

characteristics, the strength of the mold is far greater than the strength of wet sand, and high intensity close to modeling.

\"Casting\" No. 8, 1998 issued a LI Zeng-min study the effects of vibration parameters of the cast article: vibration time,

vibration frequency, amplitude, vibration mode and vibration parameters such as acceleration, the acceleration of the greatest

impact; vibration modes of complex castings uniformity of compaction mold impact. In order to improve the stability of the mold

to prevent the collapse of the mold, negative pressure on the mold, vacuum suction is conducive to the appearance of the thermal

decomposition products, improve the coating permeability, reduce defects and improve filling capability, relatively dry sand

particles concentrated, thick conducive to the establishment and maintenance of negative pressure, thermal decomposition products

of the negative impact of large degree.

Casting and filling defects

Real casting filling process, due to the appearance of liquid metal pyrolysis and interaction with, resulting in the filling

liquid metal when the flow field, temperature field, filling capacity and generation of defects such as casting, completely

different from the ordinary wet sand Casting. Liquid metal filling process, including mass transfer, heat transfer, flow,

chemical reaction and solidification and so on. Between the liquid metal and appearance, there is pressure resistance and anti-

air gap to increase the permeability of the coating, reducing the coating thickness, reducing the appearance of the hair air,

reduce the appearance density, increased hydrostatic head of liquid metal are better thermal decomposition products of the rows

of Yi, the air gap resistance decreases the gas back pressure and increase the filling capacity. Air gap of the size and shape,

and thermal decomposition products, Pai Yi conditions, coating and casting processes are closely related. Real easy to produce

steel castings foundry production by carbon, producing carbon defects in iron castings is easy to produce, the production of

aluminum castings is easy to produce pin holes. Wang Zhongke and other analysis: looks like the formation of enriched pyrolytic

carbon, and liquid metal in the filling process of the existence of convective mass transfer, after filling the existence of

diffusion mass transfer, thus increasing the pyrolysis of wet material and coating capabilities, the end of injection-type from

thin-walled castings at the introduction of the gate, are conducive to the exclusion of pyrolysis; coating by adding oxidizing

substance that can reduce the production of carbon-rich material, and thus, reduce the growth of carbon defects. Ji Zhaohui such

that: cast iron filling process, resulting in pulsatile flow, the metal flow front temperature below the liquid line, the

resulting shell ripple, the carbon concentration below the liquidus temperature, the resulting shell wave effect , was enriched

in carbon-like wrinkled skin. Accelerate the filling, increase the permeability of the coating to reduce the latent heat of

pyrolysis, lower gas evolution, can reduce or prevent the generation of wrinkled skin. Increase the aluminum refining process,

improve the aluminum pouring temperature, casting speed, and control the coating permeability, suppress turbulence, stable

filling, pin holes to avoid the appearance of aluminum alloy castings.

TIMKEN bearings resolve the repair and maintenance of key

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TIMKEN bearings usually repair and maintenance, not only can extend the service life of bearings, bearing to prevent sudden failure and to determine the replacement time, thus avoiding unnecessary losses caused by damage to the bearing. Today we ll talk about TIMKEN bearing repair and maintenance priorities.
    TIMKEN bearings, before the test, we first used to check the gauge block, standard parts and measuring instruments, metal inspection plate of the premises co-located, so that these objects can quickly make the homogenization temperature and room temperature.
    Then we dry or dry TIMKEN bearings, check oil drip for immediate delivery, this time bearing the outer surface of the film does not protect the entire inspection process allowed direct contact with human skin, the operator should wear clean gloves, or hand painted rust, but must avoid mixing with the bearing surface of the hands of anti-rust agents, or the deviation of the measurement results.
    TIMKEN bearings delivery, until the abolition of the routine examination, it can be sealed package, and immersed in the acid wash with gasoline or kerosene oil, 3%, the rotating outer ring, and carefully wash the cage, rolling elements and raceways at the junction, requires residual Any traces of oil hidden parts of the original, thoroughly washed. Bearing after washing, dry cleaning should pay attention to your neighbor, with a clean dry on the bench into the lining of the neutral, or far-infrared drying furnace slowly. Even a dry or drying dry neighbor, the whole process should not close TIMKEN bearing ring, cage or rolling elements.
 TIMKEN bearings in the inspection has been completed, should be immediately delivered or rust inventory process, to seize the entire inspection process should be completed so as not to last long cause corrosion. Note that clean oil-free use of pure gasoline, but also can cause corrosion. Bearing repair and maintenance, rather than a simple repair and maintenance we have to maintain strict compliance with the bearing to do preventive measures to avoid the process of repairing damage to the bearing, bearing the recommended professional maintenance personnel.